Stabilizing device for ships



Noi'. 22, 1932. H. HQRT 1,888,667

STABILIZING `DEVICE FOR SHIPS Filed Oct. 26. 1931 3 sheets-sheet 1 Nov'. 22, 1932. H. Hom' 1,888,667

STABILIZING DEVICE vFOR SHIPS Filed oct. ze'. -1951 s sheets-sheet 2 i Invervr: fermann JYrZ Nov. 22, 41932. H. Hor-2T 1,888,667

STABILIZING DEVICE FOR SHIPS Filed Got. 26. 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Laf- Patented Nev. Y 22, i932 FFICE* i HERMANN HORRDF BERLIN-VESTEND, GERMANY, T0 SEEE/[ENS HALSKE,

i AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OFSEEEEN i Tron or GERMANY DT, BERLIN, GERMANY, A'CORPORA- SITABILIZNG DEVICE FOR SHIPS Application filed October 26, 19271, Serial No. 571,049, and in Gerin-any October 28, 1930. l

My inventionrelates to stabilizing devices for ships, and particularly kto devices in which' the stabilizing action is vobtained byl mo'vableweiohts, generally arranged in pairs,

to oppose an oscillating motion of the ship,l andthe invention is applicable for use as' an anti-rolling device, or as an anti-pitching device, depending simply on the relative ar Y rangement of such weights. lWhile weights of -so-lid material may be used,x in connection with my invention, the preferred form of my invention employs bodies of liquid, and particularly water movable in tanks carried .by .the ship. The particular embodiments of my invention illustrated in lthe accomf panying drawings and described in detail below, constitute an' anti-rolling device for ships. `Anti-rolling devices employing tanks y are not broadly new, and in connection with' l such tanks there have been employedvalves which at the moment of the reversal of the rolling motion are opened temporarily in order to allow the water to flow out of theL .tank which is the higher tank at that time and into the temporarily lower tank. After the 4valves have Vbeen closed, the water in the full tank whichis located on the raised side of the ship is retained by a sort of pipette` action, whereas water inthe lower tank Ais maintained in about its lowest position by the amountof air trapped above it. .lVhe'n the one vside of the ship attains'its highest position during the rolling motion, the valves' .are opened whereby the tanks arebrought into communication either with each other or with the surrounding air, so that water,

will iiow out of thehiggjher` tank and intothe lower tank.v rfhus, atthe moments when the rolling motion changes its direction, a `certain amount of water will be shifted suddenly from one side of the ship to the other and theV water depends on the size of the tanks and it will be obvious that the tanks will have to be very large `in order to obtain a sufficient damping action by the above described arl rangement alone. Furthermore, the damp'- tions either by a reversible indicating device or preferably by two integrators connected lin parallel, both of which are subject tothe ing action diminishes constantly duringthe' rolling ofthe ship, because on the higher sidel of the ship, thewater retained byra sort ofl vDinette action will constantly be dropping to a lowerv level. ln order to avoid this draw' back and to increase 'the damping action of,v the tanks, devices may be provided for'arti- ,f

and actuating devices which governthe ope?.

eration of the means regulating the action of the tanks. ln the embodiments lof my invention 'illustrated herein, the'tanksjare connected by a pressure-equalizing conduit containinga' valve, and this valve is bypassed by a circulationconduit having a pumpor other propelling. device for assist-V ing the control action of the said valve in such a manner that the propelling device will not be affected by the pressure equaliza- Q tion occurring at lthe opening of the valve which controls the connecton of the tanks. The cyclic control of the motion of the Yair or liquid effected by thessaid valve will there- Vfore occur independently of the cyclic con-fi v By this ar-V rangement Il secure importaunt,V advantages;

the sudden pressure equalizationbetween thef` f tanks will not take place .through the circu-V llation conduit or thepropelling device, v'and therefore the throttling action during the pressure equalization will 'be but slight, and. a relatively small pump or propelling device `may kbe employed.

trol ofthe propelling device.

The control of the regulating devices in the pressure-equalizing conduit and in the circulation conduit may be effected, accord` ingto'myinvention, with the aid of a control shaft rwhich is set to the proper posiextent of the rolling motion to be equalized,`

said integrators being vdamped to different degrees. `This control device will 'set' iiione -130 i tion conduit.

direction'or the other, preferably by electro magnetic means, the mechanical, hydraulic or electric drives provided for the adjustmentor the regulating devices. of the pressure-equalizing conduit and of the circula- In order to obtain a very rapid andpositive opening and closing of the valve in the pressure-equalizing conduit, and a Yquick reversal of the flow in the circulation conduit, it is .preferable to employ Vahydraulic drive for the control devices of these conduits. The control operations'for bothconduits may be initiated by a piston valve adjustable electromagnetically from the con'- trol shaft, this piston valve Lcontrolling the suction and Adelivery conduits leading tothe cylinders, or hydraulic pistensV which kserve for determining the positionk of the valve in? the pressure-.equalizjing pipe an'd'of theV con! trolling valve in. the circulation coifiduit.V l

falso prefer to employ cocks` having a pluT ralityof passages orways, which cocks are thrown into. operation according as the water.

" level .in the tanks reaches its highest or Willibringthecontrol valve back toits closed position sogas .to prevent a further supply cr circulation offair or liquidatthemoment whenv the liquid in lthe tankshasfreached its jhigliest or lowest level.

Theparticular embodimentv illustrated employstanks which Yhave a direct communication with Vthe seat, Aatjtheir'lovver portions.. v

I do. not',however, .wish to restrict .myself vto this arrangement, but the tanks mighd; be.

Y connectedby a communication pipe Ycontain- `the pressure-equalizing conduit.

This pipe might also constitute i In case the circulation conduit .n would likewise ing water.

i have. to be connected with. the lower portions,

orwaterspaces, of the tanks. VOf course,

minating, either within the sea or within uhe.

5 atmosphere, whiley the circulation conduitv would be'. connected `on one hand with air, spaces of the tanks and en the otherhndf with awind-chestQ J The use of wind-chestsis 1 particularly suitable/,when the tanks arelocated very lowin .theship, because. in thisl casethe pressure existing. above Jr*herwater contained` in the v tanks need nctgbe equalized Y rlfhusa much. smaller .energy will be required; lur the. 0p-,.

relatively to the atmosphere.

eration of the pump or other propelling de:v vice of thecir'culation conduit.y y K Reference-is to be had-to the accompanydrawings vin which Fig. 1 is audiagra'mf; matic Vcross sectionfof a .shipY providedy with my,invention,y in itsembodimen't as an anti-VK this l rolling device; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic rp ments` forming partv of. fthe. lconstruction-YV shown invFig. 4 andFig's.V 5, 6 andk 7'illus-v trate modifications of portions of themechanism shown in F ig. 4'. Y f` 1n Fig. 1 the'hull of the ship is'lindicated Y at 1,V and lat 2 and 3 there are shown, two.

tanks locatedat opposite sides of the ship,

the lower part of each tank communicating tanks 2 Aand 3 are connected by a kpipezor pressure equalizing conduit tin which, is.. ar-V ranged a valve 5` adapted toestablish orin-v .with the sea.`v rlhe upper portions ofthegt y terrupt the communication betweenltheftvvq` y tanks. A shunt connection'is also,-provided Vbetween the two` portions of the V.pipejl lo,- f

cated on opposite sides of the valve '5. V,This

shunt connection consists of two,,circulatiijn,`V

conduit-branches', 6. co-operating withja two-way'valve 15, in conjunction with-the delivery pipe 16 and the suction pipe 17 yoa circulating pump 18.drivenlcontinuously.by..

suitable motor (not shown). l The` valve. 15 vis mounted to rotate about Iits axis 15@ and it will be readily understoodfthat by.

turning said valve inthe directiony indicated4 by the arrow, the. connections showninFig, Y l caribe reversed, that is to say, the'sucti'on,

pipe 16 can be connected withfthe pipe-6 and the delivery pipe 17' with thepipe -6. Each of the tanks 2 and?) contains a loat `19-piv-Y` otally connected with an.y arm 21 rigid ona shaft 20." The height of thewaterlevel in.

each tank, or lin other words, thelevelat with the respective armsr 21.y The arms .22, 22', also serve as switch arms, beingadapted.

A Y n A.to engage, in their eXtreme. p`os'itions,'twol4`vr 'is -als@.possible `to control each tank sepa-V ratelythe pressure-equalizing .con-duit ter.-y

stationary `contacts 23 .and24 respectivelyv which the float is. located, `is' :'mdicatedl.by"V y means of arms 22,22 which movein: unison l which are connected withv certain.circuits.as

explained .more .fully below. v

i In orderlthatthe b'odiesfoi:,watenmay` be.; :shifted at *the properltimes, it is 'I lecess'ary that a devicewhich is adapted' tonholdft-lie valve 5 againstmovement, be released, theV pointswhere therollin'g ino'tionof thevesseh is reversed, so thatthe.difl'erenceirrpresavr sures between the two tanks may be equalizedf. throughthe pipe 4. yAs soon as thisequalization has taken place, the valve 5 will: resume,

its closing position, either simply by gravityv or with 'thev aids of springs (not'shoJwn-)so 1.25 that during, the next halfV period of theirolling.y motion, the different levels loiifthe, water` in,

thetanks2 and?? willremainunaltered. 1 The'y y Vcc-n tro'lfy valve 15 of ,the circulation conduit..V y `mustthen be in tsuch* `a position that .the pump.,

during this half period of the rolling motion will transfer air from the tank 2 into the tank 3, and during this operation, the water will rise in the tank 2 'and fall in the tank 3.

Fig. 2shows a hydraulic mechanism for operating the valve 5 and the control valvev 15. The toothed sector 25 is secured rigidly to the body of the valve 15, by fastening such sector on the shaft l meshes a rack 26 connectedrigidly with/a piston rod 27 which connects the two pistons ders 28 and 28" respectively. These cylinders are open to theair at the ends where the piston rod 27 passes through them, while at' the other `ends the cylinders are lconnected with pipes 29 and 29 respectively leading to cocks or valves 30 and 30 respectively which also co-operate with pipes 31,31respecti-vely leading to the casing32 of a controlling valve. having three pistons 32 secured to the same rod 32. vThe casing 32 is also connected with suction conduits 34,v34 jand a pressure conduit 33 ,for the passage of a suitable pressure fluid. v`In the position illustrated, the three pistons32 shut off the connections to the conduits 33, 34", 34. The

pistons 32 are controlled, by means of suitable linkage indicated at 35, 35, by electromagnets or coils 36', 36 respectively. Thus by shifting the pistons 32, the conduits 31 and 31 and through them the cylinders 28 and 28 can-be connected either with the pressure conduit 33 or one or the other of the suction conduits 34', 34". Inother words, in-

' one position the cylinder 28 will be connected with the pressure conduit and the cylinder 28" with one of the suction conduits, while in another position of the valves 32, thereverse condition will be obtained. The ener` gizing of the electroinagnets or coils 36, 36l is controlled by a. switch 37 which may beoperated in any suitable manner, for instance by the mechanism described below with 'reference to Figs. 4 and 4a. `The operation will be so timed that the electromagnets or coils 36, 36 will be energized in accordance with the'rhythm of the rollingmotiomcausing a` corresponding periodical motion of the pis-V tons 32 first invone direction and then in the g 39,'39 respectively in which are located pis! tons 40, 40 respectively. The rods of these pistons are adaptedto engage an arm 41 eX- ptendir'ig upwardly from thefshaft42 about Vith this sector s of the pistons 27, 27; 27 and 27 movablein the stationary cylinwhich thevalve 5 is adapted to swing. The

pipe 38 is connected with the inner end of cylinder39 and with the outer end of cylinder 39', while the reverse connection is employed for the pipe 38". The pistons 40", 40will therefore move in opposite direc` tionsand when one of them is in its inner po-rsition, the other will be inv its outer position.

lncther respectsthe movement ofthe pistons 40", 40 will correspond tothe movement Fig. 2 also vshows an additional controlling valve having a casing 43fand`three ,pistons 43 connected'by a piston rod 43. Thecasl' Y ing 43 has ports connecting` it with' a pressure conduit 33 and suction conduits 34 and 34,

these ports being controlled by the' vpistons y' 43. By means of linkage 44, 45, 14, the pis tons 43 are operatively connected with the i, controlling valve 15 Iand the sector 25. Thus, any motion of the piston rod 27 will be coinmunicated to vther pistonV rod 43.v If the valves 30, 30 are thrown into a position different-from the 'one indicated in Fig. 2, a con1- i nectionV will be established between the pipes 29 and 44 on one hand and the pipes 29 and 44 on'the other hand, said pipes 44 and 44 leadingto the casing 43. Inthat case pressure fluid may pass from the casing 43 to the cylinders 28', 28 so as to act on the pistons 27', 27 and on the controlling valve 15. In

the position-illustrated, the two-way cocks 30, 30 have disconnected the casing 43 fromV the cylinders 28', t28, and only the control.- ling valve 32, 32 will be operative atthis time. Accordingas the pistons l32 are shifted toward the left for toward the right bythe magnets or'coils36 'or 36 respectively, the

piston rod- 27 will be in its eXtreme right hand l o-r left hand position respectively. This will connect the pump with the circulation Aconduitin either one direction or the other so that either the pipe 6 or the pipe 6 willbe connected with the suction port of the pump 18. When the puinphas transferred so much air from the tank `on one sideof the ship tov ythe tanken thev opposite side, that the? water fin' one of these tanks VVwill reach its highest or its` lowest level, the'respective Contact 23V 115 Y or 24 will'be engaged by the arm 22er 22 and thiswill close a circuit such as the `,one indicated at the lower portion of `F ig. A2, tov energize an electromagnet or coil 46. Normally, a spring such as 47 'keeps the core 46 of such magnet or coil in an unsymmetrical position as shown. Upon the energizing of the magnet or coil46, the core 46 will be drawn into a symmetricalposition in the well known manner, and this movement of the core 46 will bythe connections 48, 49, 50,",51 si- `multaneously swing the bodies of theyrtwo valves or cocks 30, 30 into ythe position'in which the valve 30 connects the pipes 29 andA 44,y while the valve 30 connectsthe pipes 29 and 44. This will, as explained iso above, connect thecasing 43V Withfthecylinders Q8. and 28?', and by applying pressure 1 iuid'to the outer compartments of bothcylinftanks are. betweenA their extreme positions, the cylinders 28', 28' will'- remamtconnected i motionfis reversed.

ders 28. and 28, force the pistons 27.V and-.27v .intovthemedian positionillustrated, the conf trolling valve l5 being thereby likewise brought into its-mediank position. Thecontrollingrvalve'l5 will thenshutol' the cirf. Vculation conduit fromV the pump=l8 so that turther ycirculatigm of the luidjwlll be pre..

4vented until the level of thewaterin the tanks tore,V as long as theiloats 19 :located in the with the valvecasing 32 -so that the pistons 27,27 will bel moved-to Y. and fro 1n the rhythm of the rolling'pmotion, the said pistons being reversed everytime that the rolling Vxhenever onev of the floats reaches its highest `orits lowermost position the electromagnet coil 46 will be enero gized,V whereby 'the two-way cocks 370. and

30Vv will bereversed, Aso that the .slide vvalves 43, will atonce bring the pistons 27, 27

and the valve 15pol? the circulation conduit A':into the zero position or shutf'of position.

^ Thepump 18 is then shut ofi' from the circulation conduit. yVery soon thereafter the electromagnet coilslfan'd 36V are reversed, 'tor instancebylthe control'mechanism shown inVv ..1.^Fig.,, andthepistons .are also reversed. lThis will at once release the valve 5.0i the pressure-equalizing conduit, so. that the level of 'the water in the tanks will.vv adjust itself tothe water level outside" the ship. This descansos the floats. to move out oftheirextreme positionsf-c The magnet coil 46 is thus deren,`

ergized,-l the. spring 47 reverses- ,the position: orp the two-way cocks BOQCYfL and thus-the pumpis again connectedY withy thecirCula.-`

- ytion Aconduitto propel fluidi-therethrough .in

'one direction orthe other. j

InfEig.. 3, I have'shown an electric control devicein which an` electric motor,52 serves to change the position ot the control valve i5k lsof the circulation conduit, while therelease or the yblocking othev'alve rlocated'fin' the pressure-equalizing conduit isi-etected` by an elec,- tric I motor `523, Connected by wires54', 55,56 with relays 57,

'5*358 which are bridged by thearmaturfes .57

58,4 respectively operated byV the electromagnet coils 36 and 36'. respectively.' These magnets are energizedand Adee'nergized Vin unison with the. rhythm of the ships oscilla' tions, justas has been described aboveiin connection with'. FigfQ/f; th'eenergizing and de-V Y Aenergizinglof the magnets can be controlled,

vfor instance, bythe mechanism shown in Fig.v I lil lThe motor52 operates the toothed sector Y 25by means of -a-wor1'n58 it being linden.

Both motorsl 52 4and v53 are inssgeev stood that themotor and'said wormwillfrm.

tate-in one vdirection or,-the.otherraccording as either the .relay 57er the relay 581has been..

energized. `:The motor A58'operatesby means:

,of worm l60, a V'double arm 62 having gear Vteeth,.the abutment armor lever'llk carriedflj* by the spindle Glofthe valve 'bein'g so lo-5 v cated thatit will be arrested by one or the other ofthe two arms 62. Y

On the hub of the toothed segment 25 is lsecured as witch arml 63which upon rotation of the segment 25 will come into l.sliding en- 1 gagement. .with contactrplates-64,65 Awhich are i connected with the battery 66 ,when the valve 5 isin its vmedian/neutrall position, the switch armV 63' rests on,V an insulated plate 67." By- Co Y means of theVy switch `6 8 whichfis operatedby the electroi'nagnet energized when thejarmsf 22,22 are in their extreme positions,"thel motor can be disconnected from therelayl57- or 58 and connected 'withthebattery 'lso 1 that the motor will rotate. the toothed segment 25 and 4with it the control valve 15 backward until the switch arm 163 again-engages the insulated plate 67 whereby the motor is 'Q This willat'the same time discon-v stopped.

Rect the pump v18 from the ybranches 6"., 6".

the circulation con-duit.V

It would ofv course'alsobepossible totemj ploy continuously 'rotating motors for thev drive or" the toothedsegment-25fand of the double arm 62, in which case clutcheswould have'to be provided in thedrive ofthe worms 59, 60,. which clutches would have to bethrown' l. in .for ashort time by. the-relays 57 and vv58.Y

- If instead of thecontinuously operating` f` pump 18 shown in Fig.y l' in connection with the ,control valve 15, aVV regulatable pump should be arrangeddirectly'in the circulation of the toothed segmentQ, -forvinstancedirecte Y ly,- a switch arm orthe likefregulating they Adriving motor of' the pump,which switch arm would in that caseserve'hOh1GOreverse` lthe pump and to regulate its speed.

Figs.l 4- and 451 show fone .embodiment 03E-ja mechanism according -telfth'ev present invenf tion.r for actuating thecontrolivalve 5 and*l regulating the iiuid propell-ingdevice.A "A 4'At 7l'f" i l have indicated a device measuring theroll- '.115

ing-angle, whichdevice consists .ofa gyro-=f scopeQ rotating ina normallyfhorizontal gimbal in thel well known manner the plane'. and its driving moto-rf72".V A rlhefgy'rolscope '72 is'suspelnded in a universal joint 0I* 12,0 f,

deflection of thev gyroscope about the outer gmbalY axis, which lies lon gitudinallyof theY ship. is transmitted toa roll anglefindi'ca-t'or 73 which also constitutes a switch arm adapted toengage the contacts 74Cv which are shifted Y bv the motor 7 5 and the intermediate connec- K tions shown, in alfollow-up movement oit j Vwelllnown character. The motor7 5 oper` ates only when contact ismade between 7 Sand and willthenltransmitftheangleat whichconduit, there might be located onthe' *shaft`V 105 i theship is inclined about the longitudinal axis of the ship, by means of spur wheels 76 wound left and right respectively.

and bevel Wheels 77, 78, 79 to the two integrators 8O and 81 having spiral springs 80",

8OV and 81', 81 respectively which are ends of these springs are secured to the spring Vcasings 80 and81 respectively, and are supported by pistons located in dash-pots 82,`

l the angle of oscillation of the ship. VThere-` Vvfore, the rocking movements which the f spring casing 80 transmits to the differential gearing 86'will be relatively large and 4will reproduce accurately as to amplitude the than said portion.

deflection of the gyroscope 7 2; in their phaseV however thesemovements areshifted relatively to each other-moreorless approximately by about 90. On the other hand, the

throttlingof the `integrator 81 is setfmore strongly so that the spring casing 81 will rock to a comparatively Vslight extent under the influence of the rolling motion ofthe ship; the rocking of the spring casing 81 will be produced only in accordance VWith the mean rolling angle of the ship, that is to say not the periodical straining of the springs 81 and 81, but the onesided straining of the springs which results fromthe ship having a mean inclined position for a relatively long time. Y Suchmovement is transmitted to the differential' gearing 86 in such a direction that the contact making pointer 87 will be Ishifted according to the difference of the two movements.- The proportions of the gearing l'and of the throttling can be selected in such a manner that the integrator 81 will take up or equalize exactlythat portion of the deflections or movements of the spring casing `80 which is due to the mean inclined position of the ship, but if desired, the arrangement may be suchthat Vthe controlling action due to the integrator 81 will be greater Y It' is Y well known that the ship always has a mean or median `inclined position during rolling; such median position can be produced by side wind or by the motion of the waves, by uneven loading, or lby the centrifugal forces arising whenever the course is changed. InY order to obtain perfectly satisfactory control, it is necessary that these median inclinations be taken into n account and that their influence which is -liablelto render inaccurate the controllngl in- The outerl employed to `set the contact making pointer 87 and if the deflections of this pointer which are reproduced bythe motor `89 which produces afollow-up rotary motionofthe consl employed to energizel (by means of the cam facts 88 co-operating with said pointer, werg 70 90) the magnet which operates the switch 37 of 2, :then the bodies of water inthe tanks 2 and 8 would be controlled in such a way that,lin the mean, the water would be at" a higher level in that tank which islower owing to the inclination of the ship, than in the tank on the other side of the ship. The effect on the Windward side of the ship'wouldfg therefore be increased, and this, of course, is"H undesirable. Only whenthe iniluencefwhich the jmean inclination or list ofthe ship has f on t-he controlling factor due tothe inte-H grator 8O has been neutralized in the differ-85-V ential gearing 86 by the strongly damped ini tegrator 81,.the masses are controlled about the mean-list of the ship inaccordancewith the periodic deflections of the gyroscope, and

will therefore no longer increase the list ,con-.y dition.l If the factor dueto the controlfof the integratorv 81 is greater'than this influek ence, the result will be that the liquid masses will, as a mean, be shifted more toward4 the higher side of the ship, so as to coiinteract and `partly reduce the list landfthereby in# crease the stability of the entire ship mate# rially.Y In the arrangement described above,

the factors produced hy both integrators` coni trol the operation of the valve 5 for` eecting pressure equalization inthe tanks and also l vthe reversal of the circulation at the moment of the reversal of the rolling motion, orV

shortly before such reversal. "The Vcam 90 may serve l,not onlyrfor reversing'the` fan,

pump or'fother propelling device 18, bnt'alsoV for varying the output `of such'propelling devicein accordance with the' amount of angular displacement of such tank.

` In Fig. 5 there has been indicated a some- Y what modified controlling mechanism in which valve 5` and the controlling valve 15 are `operated independently of eachV other.

Only the electromagnet for controllingfthe shut-off valve 5 is to be actuated'under the inj fiuence of the two integrators'jwith the `aid of the contacts'87,88. The reversal andregulation of the fan or propelling device `18, i' however, is effected exclusively by the strongly damped integrator 81 which operates the,

contacts 87 88. The controlling factor due to this integrator isproportional tothe meanlist of the ship, as has been mentioned` above. The propelling device 18 controlled 1n acy cordance therewith will, in this case, simply shift tlrebodies of water to thetemporarily higher side of theship corresponding' to this l Vmean list, -Therefore,thepropelling device may in certain cases be made of smaller di# mensions than: if it had the'additional funcf y tion of counteracting the rolling motion.` The et i . settingof theintegrators'SO, 8.1 according to .-.theilistangler is effected by means of bevel `gears, 77, 78 similar to.thecorresponding- L lydesignatedfparts of Fig. 4. The contacts 'E E B7., 88 are controlleddirectly by the integrator 8Qandfindirectly by Way of bevel Wheels v89, by .the integrator 81.

' In order that the values or factors obtained bytheintegrators may not be aifect- .aimed by -thefriction or kby the acceleration of 2 Arthejtrain of gears and the like, the arrangef-ment shovvnfin'Figsft and 5 may be simpli- .iie'vdin the .manner illustrated by Figs. 6 and Hera the contacts 87, V88'and87, 88 are @T215 set'oractuated directly by the damped shafts fof; thev integrators.

fvThe controlling `mechanisms described .abovefmay also nbe' employed, Without rany materialchanges, vwhen the stabilizingis'ef- @20,fectedby solid-bodies, for instance cars, .in-

-steadfoffusingliquid bodies or tanks, particu,-I

v lar-lyuwhen such'solidbodies are Aactuated 1 hydraulically, `for instance by Vmeans, of tele- .'s'copic rods.l .The new control `device may, f25ho,vvever, also be used for electrically driven .carsyfor instance by employing the cam 91 j'.-'shovvnA in Figgll for controlling 'the regulat- @ing-:memben or switch of the motor-driving v.

v 1. A' stabilizing device -for ships,comprisingftanksfadaipted to contain a liquid, a pres- 'I tion'c'onduit'likevvise'connected with the airspaces ofthe tanksfand by-passing'saidvalve, and afluid-prope'lling device included in said circula-tion conduit.

n' 3. A stabilizing device for ships, compris- 'ing opnositelylocated-tanks adaptedy `to con- `tain a liquid,v a conduit connectingvtheupper or airfspacesf'ofsaidgtanksl a valve in 'said conduit,a circulation conduit connected vvitlif`Y ftlie-.tirst-named :conduit and by-passing said .5 v-zjilvefa` fluid-propelling Vdevice Vconnected i-With saidcirculation conduit, and means Jfor :controlling said Vpropelling device.

14, Alstabilizingf device for shipscompris- .ingtanks adaptedfto contain a liquid, apres- 136.0 -sure-equalizing conduit connected Witli'sa'id` :,ta'nks, a valve controlling said conduit, acir- Aculation conduit connected ,WithY the vfirst` u `i'i'amed"conduitfand.by-passing said valve,'a

fluidprope'lling-device'connected With said f5 Vcirculation conduit, means 'forV controlling 12.- A stabilizing device-for ships, comprissaid propelling devi'cefandmeans flor'setting said valve and said controlling means Vin re-v sponse to the ship movements -Whichfit'is deI v`rsired-to damp. v.

device for ships, compris'-, i

. 5. Astabilizing ing tanks adapted to containa liquid, apre s sure-equalizing conduit connected With" sia-1rd tanks, a jvalve controlling vsaid conduit, A. aV

f circulation conduit connected With thenlii'jst w named conduit and by-passing said valve, a .fluid propelling device connected With vsaid .circulation conduit, means for controllingV said propelling device, and hydraulic me'chanisni fOr-setting-saidivalve and lsaid controli ling means-in vresponse to the ship, move-".1"

ments which it is desired to damp., l, 6. A stabilizing deviceforsliips, comprising tanksadapted to` containV alioluid,y a-pres- 'sure-equalizing conduit connected with ysaid tanks, a jv alve Vcontrolling 'said' conduit', -a

circulation conduit connected with:theffirstV named conduit and Vley-passing vsaid valve,a

fluid propelling device connected-With said circulation `co'nduit,"means fon controlling said propelling device, and hydraulic) mechanisiiiY fori setting `said valve, said ymechanism consisting of tvvo hydraulic setting-cylinders l and a'slide valvecontrollingy saidcylinders in response to the shipmovements Which-itis desired-to damp.-V Y Y Y `7. A stabilizing devicefor ships, comprisingy tanks adaptedY to contain a liquid, a ,pres- Y`sure-eoiualizing conduitconiiected With-said tanks, a valve controlling said conduit, a circulation conduit connectedlvvth thel yiirst named conduitfand by-passing said valve,` afluid propellingl device connected With `vsaid 1 circul'atioinconduiu -means for controlling l Ysaidy propelling device, and' hydraulic mechv .anismor setting said valve,'sa id mechanism consisting of twor hydraulic setting cyl-y rinders, aV slide valvecontrolling said' cylinders,. electroinagneticfcoils for setting said -valve, a shaft indicating the reversal of the fships oscillating motion,fand means,` actuated yby said shaft, iiorV controllingfthe' ener- ".gizing of'said coils.

'8. A stabilizing devicefor-ships,VY compris- -l 'v ing tanks adapted'to contain'a liquid, acirculation" conduit connected Witlisaid-tanks,ja

fluid-propelling device connected withy said i i conduit, means for controlling said fluid-'propelling device,-v a pressure-equalizing conduit connected ,in parallel With-'the 'first-named conduit, a shut-oilv valve in .saidv pressureequalizing conduit, anarm connectedto-'move Vin unison with said valve,hydraulio cylinders i `rior controlling said arm-in such a WIay as'to block its movement in one'direction at all times, a slide valve controlling the sup'plyf'oif liquid to `said cylinders,'a control shaft, and tWo electromagnetic lcoils actuated by said. shaft and-adaptedto set slide valve in response to the shipl movements. Which it-is desired to damp.V ..1 y

Yia

9. A stabilizing device for ships, comprising tanks adapted to contain a liquid, a pressure-equalizing conduit connected with said tanks, a shut-oil' valve in said conduit, a cir-r culation conduit arranged in parallel with` the first-named conduit, a fluid-propellingv device connected with said circulation con- Y duit, a regulating device for said Vfluid-prol located' on the port and starboard sides-re-` spectively, a conduit connecting the upper or air spaces-of said tanks, a shut-off valve in said conduit, a circulation conduit connected with said tanks, a fluid-propelling device associated with said `circulation conduit, a regulating device for said fluid-propelling device, hydraulic cylinders for controlling said valve and said regulating device, aslide valve controlling said cylinders, electromagnetic coils for setting saidjslide valve, a shaft :for actuating said coils in response to oscillations of the ship, and means for throwing the fluid-propelling device out of action whenever the lluid level in the tanks reaches it maximum or minimum'. Y

11. A stabilizingdevice for ships, comprising tanks adapted to contain a liquid and located on the port and starboard sides respectively, a conduit connecting the upper or air spaces of said tanks, a shut-oil valve in said conduit, a circulation conduit connected with said tanks, a fluid-propelling device associated with said circulation conduit, a regulating device for `said fluid-propelling device, hydraulic cylindersV for controlling said valve and said regulating device, a slide valve controlling said cylinders, electromagnetic coils for setting said slide valve, in response to the ship movements which it 1s desired to damp, conduits connecting saidslide valve with said hydraulic cylinders, shut-off valves in said conduits, electromagnetic coils for setting said shut-olip valves, floats located in the upper and in thev lower portions ofl the tanks, and means, controlled by the inovement of said floats, for energizing vsaid coils.

A stabilizing device for ships, .comprising tanks adapted to contain a liquid and located on the portand starboard sides respectively, a conduit connecting the upper or air spaces of said tanks, a shut-olil valve in said conduit, a .circulation conduit connected with said tanks, a duid-propelling device asi sociated with said circulation conduit, a regulating device 'for said fluid-propelling device, hydraulic cylindersior controlling said valve and said Vregulating device, a slide valve controlling said cylinders, electromagnetic coils for setting said slide valve in response tothe ship movements which it is desired to damp, conduits connecting said slide valve with saidhydraulic cylinders, two-way cocks controlling said connecting conduits, an electromagnetic coil for actuating sa'idvcocks,

`means for energizing said coil Whenever vthe liquid .level in'A said tanks. 'reaches its ma-Ximum or minimum, tothrow said slide valve into` its inactive position', another slide valve, conduits connectingvsaid secondy slide valve lwith said hydrauliccylinders, and controlled by said two-way cocks to establish such connection Whenever the first-mentioned slide valve is brought to its inoperative position, and thereby to bring the regulating device of' the fluid-propelling device vback to its zero position, and a mechanical connection be-` tween said regulating device and saidsecondmentioned slide valve. l

13. A'stabilizing device for ships, comprising tanks adapted to contain a liquid, a presf `sure-equalizing conduit connected with said tanks, a valve :controlling said conduit, a circulation conduitA connected vwith the iirsty named conduit and by-passing said valve, a fluid propelling device connectedwith said circulation conduit, a regulating deviceior4 said fluid-propelling device,hydraulic piston valves for setting `said controllingvalvej,

and said regulating device respectively, a common slide valve controlling said hydraulic piston valves, electromagnetic coils controlling said slide valve,fa shaft controlling the energizing of said coils, andintegrators, damped to different degrees, movable in Vresponseto the ship movements which itis desired to damp, and operatively connected with said shaft. i f i y Y' 14. A stabilizing device for ships, comprising tanks adapted to contain a liquid, a pres-l.

`sure-equalizing conduit 'connected with said tanks, a valve controlling said conduit, a circulation` conduit connected with the first named conduit and by-passing said' valve, a

fluid propelling device connected with said" circulation conduit, a regulating devicefor A said fluid-propelling device, means forsetting said valve and said regulating device, a control shaft co-operating with said setting means, and two integratorsfor setting said' shaft to different positions, said integrators i being actuated according to the extent of the ship oscillations which it is, desired to damp.`

15..A device according to. claim 14, in whichthe two integrators Vare damped hy-. draulically to diiferent degrees. 'Y

16. A device according to claim 14, in which the two integrators are connected in parallel and damped hydraulicallyto dif.- ferent degrees. Y Y f j 17. A stabilizing device for ships,.comprising tanks adapted to contain a liquid land i located at the port and starboard sides of the ship respectively, apressure-equalizing coni duit connected with said tanks, a shut-oil? i-ialve-@inasaidcnduitgl 'al circulatin lcnduit iikewiseconnectedwith the sa1dtanks,1a confritinuously operating fluid-propelling f device, :and [a :two-Way cock' the flpos'ition :of which y YVaries-in4 response :to fthe.` oscillations of the ship,fsa,idf cock, Vaccordingno its position, -conw nect'ing the circulation conduit in-one Way orthe :reverse LWay,.withthefsucti( )n andldelivery ports of/said iuid pr0pe11ing device. 1 nlniestirnonywhereof Il afIiX my signature.

' v f *HER-MANN HORT: v 

